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- <text id=94TT1358>
- <title>
- Oct. 10, 1994: Medicine:The Souls That Drugs Saved
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1994
- Oct. 10, 1994 Black Renaissance
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- MEDICINE, Page 65
- The Souls That Drugs Saved
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>By James Willwerth/Los Angeles
- </p>
- <p> Anyone who believes that drugs can't help the mentally ill should
- listen to Dr. Murray Frances. The 44-year-old physician recovered
- from 20 years of severe schizophrenia after taking the drug
- Clozapine. As Frances explains in Schizophrenia: Voices of an
- Illness, a remarkable documentary that will air on National
- Public Radio stations this week, even her hallucinatory inner
- voices somehow understood that medicine was their enemy. "You're
- not going to take that!" they screamed years earlier when doctors
- urged her to take the medication Haldol. "Do you want us to
- go away?" Frightened, Frances resisted that drug and others;
- she remained ill for another 17 years.
- </p>
- <p> Psychiatric patients are generally insulted by contentions that
- their trouble was brought on by bad parenting, childhood trauma
- or weak character--that they don't actually have a disease.
- While experts agree that family problems and other external
- factors can exacerbate mental illness, most have long ago concluded
- that the underlying causes are often biological and genetic.
- None of the recovered patients in the NPR documentary blame
- family woes. In fact, the illness caught many without warning.
- "I was looking up at the sky, and suddenly it cracked like a
- mirror, in a thousand pieces," recalls Laura Young, 31. "I don't
- know why I didn't realize it was an incredibly strong signal
- that something was wrong with my mind."
- </p>
- <p> The schizophrenia program is the second documentary in a series
- on mental illness developed by Bill Lichtenstein, a former producer
- for the ABC-TV show 20/20. His choice of subject matter had
- personal meaning: he came down with manic-depressive disease
- in 1986 and spent four years "struggling with the illness to
- get it under control medically." After getting better--Lichtenstein
- is on the drug Tegretol--he founded Lichtenstein Creative
- Media in New York City. Fittingly, his first project was a 1992
- Voices program for NPR on manic depression. It was narrated
- by Patty Duke, who also suffered from the disease. Jason Robards
- offered to narrate the current schizophrenia program, volunteering
- that his first wife had been institutionalized for that illness.
- </p>
- <p> The series offers a unique window on the interplay of sophisticated
- new medicines and patients' agonizing struggles to recover.
- Though sufferers appear withdrawn and disoriented, they are
- often painfully aware of themselves. "The person with schizophrenia
- has literally no emotional strength," explains Brandon Fitch,
- 21, a recovered patient who adds happily that medication has
- "liberated me from quite a few of my symptoms." Psychiatrist
- Wayne Fenton, who treated Murray Frances, laments that people
- who see a schizophrenic behaving strangely often assume that
- the patient "is someone who doesn't have feelings, who doesn't
- have a memory, who doesn't experience pain." Pioneering researcher
- Dr. John Kane points out that new drugs have helped patients
- whose families and doctors "had kind of given up."
- </p>
- <p> Lichtenstein's work and own experience have made him a staunch
- defender of drug therapy. "Mental illness is not something you
- can take or leave," he concludes. "Medication was at the heart
- of my treatment." Without such help, many people with mental
- diseases try suicide, according to the documentary. "I don't
- know anyone," says recovered schizophrenia patient Cathy Roemke,
- 41, "who hasn't felt like it." The attempts often occur, therapists
- say, after patients decide they no longer need their "meds."
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
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